Depression


 * __DEPRESSION__ **


 * Prevalence in general population **
 * Depression affects approximately 14.8 million American adults, or about 6.7 percent of the U.S. population age 18 and older in a given year
 * Depression is more common in women than in men
 * Prevalence in children and/or teenagers **
 * approximately 11.2 percent of 13 to 18 year olds in the United States
 * approximately three times more common in females than males


 * __Symptoms__ **
 * persistent feelings of anxiety, sadness, emptiness
 * feeling tired all the time without reason, loss of energy
 * extreme loss or increase of appetite--sudden changes in weight
 * suicidal thoughts/feelings/tendencies
 * feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, guilt, pessimism, loss of control
 * irritability/agitation
 * insomnia, restlessness or excessive sleeping
 * loss of interest in daily activities/hobbies that the person once enjoyed (including sex)
 * difficulty concentrating, remembering details, making decisions
 * chronic pains (cramps. aching, digestive issues) that do not cease even with treatment


 * __Formal Diagnosis Criteria__ **
 * depressed mood/loss of pleasure in daily activities for more than 2 weeks
 * significant mood change from person’s normal mood
 * impaired daily functioning (school, work, social)
 * must have at least 5 of these 9 symptoms DAILY
 * depressed/irritable mood
 * loss of pleasure in most activities
 * significant weight change/change in appetite
 * insomnia or hypersomnia
 * change in activity
 * fatigue/loss of energy
 * feelings of guilt/worthlessness/emptiness
 * difficulty concentrating, thinking, remembering, making decisions
 * thoughts/feelings of suicide
 * severity depends on amount of social impairment in daily life
 * ex: Moderate- decreased socialization/extracurriculars; Severe- self-isolation/quit all extracurriculars
 * ex2: Moderate- vague/occasional thoughts of suicide; Severe- specific plan of suicide/prior attempts
 * Both are types of Depression

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 * __Treatment__ **
 * Medications
 * the most commonly used medications for depression are:
 * Cymbalta oral (Duloxetine HCl)
 * Lexapro oral (Escitalopram Oxalate)
 * Effexor XR oral (Venlafaxine HCl)
 * Zoloft oral (Sertraline HCl)
 * Celexa oral (Citalopram Hydrobromide)
 * Psychotherapy
 * known as “talking treatment”
 * used to alleviate depression through talking, rather than drugs
 * Electric Shock Treatment
 * known as “electroshock”
 * electrically induced in patients
 * provides a stress relief
 * Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
 * common type of mental health counseling
 * helps patient become aware of inaccurate and/or negative thinking



** __Recent News Articles on Depression:__ ** =** __Depression is a disease of civilization: Stephen Ilardi at TEDxEm__ [|__ory__] **= Dr. Stephen Ilardi is a professor of clinical psychology and the author of The Depression Cure: The 6-Step Program to Beat Depression Without Drugs. He earned his Ph.D. in clinical psychology from Duke University in 1995, and has since served on the faculties of the University of Colorado and (presently) the University of Kansas. The author of over 40 professional articles on mental illness, Dr. Ilardi is a nationally recognized expert on depression. His work has been honored by the American Psychological Association's prestigious Blau Award for early career contributions to the field, and his research on the neuroscience of depression has been funded by the National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH). ** [|__http://psych.ku.edu/tlc/__] ** = ** __Andrew Solomon: Depression, the secret we__ [| __share__] ** = ** [|__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-eBUcBfkVCo__] ** "The opposite of depression is not happiness, but vitality, and it was vitality that seemed to seep away from me in that moment." In a talk equal parts eloquent and devastating, writer Andrew Solomon takes you to the darkest corners of his mind during the years he battled depression. That led him to an eye-opening journey across the world to interview others with depression -- only to discover that, to his surprise, the more he talked, the more people wanted to tell their own stories and discusses many alternative treatments. ** Depression in College Stu [|dents] ** ** __Dr. Renee Clauselle on GMA Health to Discuss College Students and Depression__ ** ** [|__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdRaP-__] [|__5y6KI__] ** ** __Student Depression__ ** ** [|__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zeMB4eIrgAI__] **
 * ** [|__http://www.theguardian.com/education/2014/may/08/students-dont-understand-depression__] **
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 * [|__https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=drv3BP0Fdi8__] **